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China launches antitrust probe into tech giant Alibaba

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China has launched an antitrust investigation into Alibaba Group and will summon the tech giant’s Ant Group affiliate to meet in coming days, regulators said on Thursday, in the latest blow for Jack Ma’s e-commerce and fintech empire.

The probe is part of an accelerating crackdown on anticompetitive behaviour in China’s booming internet space, and the latest setback for Ma, the 56-year-old former school teacher who founded Alibaba and became China’s most famous entrepreneur.

It follows China’s dramatic suspension last month of Ant’s planned $37 billion initial public offering, which had been on track to be the world’s largest, just two days before its shares were due to begin trading in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

In a strongly worded editorial, the ruling Communist Party’s People’s Daily said if “monopoly is tolerated, and companies are allowed to expand in a disorderly and barbarian manner, the industry won’t develop in a healthy, and sustainable way.”

Shares in Alibaba fell nearly 9% in Hong Kong, their lowest since July, while rivals Meituan and JD.com both fell more than 2%.

Alibaba’s U.S. stock tumbled 13% in its largest one-day drop since its debut on the New York Stock Exchange in 2014.

Regulators have warned Alibaba about the so-called “choosing one from two” practice under which merchants are required to sign exclusive cooperation pacts preventing them from offering products on rival platforms.

The State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) said on Thursday that it had launched a probe into the practice.

Financial regulators will also meet with Alibaba’s Ant Group fintech arm in coming days, according to a separate statement by the People’s Bank of China on Thursday, casting another cloud over a potential revival of the share sale.

The meeting would “guide Ant Group to implement financial supervision, fair competition and protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers,” the statement said.

Ant said it had received a notice from regulators and would “comply with all regulatory requirements.” Alibaba said it would cooperate with the investigation and that its operations remained normal.

Fred Hu, chairman of Primavera Capital Group in Hong Kong, an Ant investor, said global markets would watch to see whether the moves were “politically motivated” and whether regulators targeted private but not state monopolies.

“It would be a tragedy if the antitrust law should be seen as ‘targeting’ successful private tech companies only,” he said.

ONE FROM TWO

Ma has kept out of the public eye since a late October forum in Shanghai where he blasted China’s regulatory system, accusing it of stifling innovation in a speech that stung officials and set off a chain of events that led to the shelving of Ant’s IPO.

The practice of requiring a merchant to sell exclusively on one platform, which Alibaba had defended in the past, has long been a source of friction.

In a lawsuit last year, home appliance manufacturer Galanz accused Alibaba of penalising it for refusing to stop selling goods on rival platform Pinduoduo. The case was resolved. In an ongoing case, JD.com accused Alibaba’s Tmall of restricting vendors from trading with it by signing exclusive deals.

BRACE FOR SCRUTINY

After years of largely hands-off treatment of e-commerce, Beijing has made its antitrust intentions clear.

Last month, it issued draft rules aimed at preventing monopolistic behaviour by internet firms, and the Politburo this month vowed to strengthen anti-monopoly efforts in 2021 and rein in “disorderly capital expansion.”

China also warned internet giants this month to brace for increased scrutiny, as it slapped fines and announced probes into mergers involving Alibaba and Tencent Holdings.

Liu Xu, a researcher at the National Strategy Institute of Tsinghua University and a long-time advocate for antitrust enforcement, said he expected other tech platforms to face scrutiny.

“Chinese internet firms had enjoyed unprecedented growth with light regulation for years,” a regulatory source said, declining to be named given the sensitivity of the matter.

“The latest regulatory moves against them have sent out a clear message that the golden time for many of them has ended and there’s no company in China that can be too big to fail.”

Regulators have also become uncomfortable with parts of Ant’s sprawling empire, chiefly its credit business that contributed close to 40% of first-half revenue. Days before Ant’s planned listing, regulators told Ma and two top executives that its online lending business would face tighter scrutiny, sources told Reuters.

Credit: Samuel Shen and Emily Chow; Reuters

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EXCLUSIVE Chinese fashion retailer SHEIN revives plan for New York listing in 2022-sources

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Chinese fashion retailer SHEIN is reviving plans to list in New York this year and its founder is considering a citizenship change to bypass proposed tougher rules for offshore IPOs in China, two people familiar with the matter said.

It was not immediately clear how much the company was looking to raise from its New York debut.

The initial public offering (IPO), if finalized, would be the first major equity deal by a Chinese company in the United States since regulators in the world’s second-largest economy stepped in to tighten oversight of such listings in July.

SHEIN, founded by Chinese entrepreneur Chris Xu in 2008, first started preparing for a U.S. IPO about two years ago, but shelved the plan partly due to unpredictable markets amid rising U.S.-China tensions, the sources said.

Both sources declined to be named as the plans are confidential. A SHEIN spokesperson said the company had no plans to go public.

The Nanjing-based company is one of the world’s largest online fashion marketplaces targeting overseas consumers. The United States is its biggest market.

The sources said SHEIN founder Xu was eyeing Singapore citizenship partly to bypass China’s new and tougher rules on overseas listings. The change in citizenship, if applied for and successful, would ease the path to an offshore IPO, they said.

Neither Xu nor other SHEIN executives have applied for Singaporean citizenship, the company spokesperson said, without elaborating. Xu did not respond to Reuters queries sent via this spokesperson.

New rules issued by China’s cyberspace administration and the offshore listing filing regime to be finalised by China’s securities regulator are set to make a U.S. listing process for Chinese firms more complicated, if not lengthier.

The securities regulator’s draft rules for offshore listings targets companies where a majority of senior management are either Chinese citizens or reside in China, or whose main business activities are conducted in China.

VALUATION JUMP

SHEIN ships to 150 countries and territories from its many global warehouses, according to its website.

It made around 100 billion yuan ($15.7 billion) in revenue in 2021, taking advantage of the pandemic that shifted global consumption online, said one of the sources and another person with knowledge of the matter. Its valuation was around $50 billion in early 2021, they said.

VALUATION JUMP

SHEIN ships to 150 countries and territories from its many global warehouses, according to its website.

It made around 100 billion yuan ($15.7 billion) in revenue in 2021, taking advantage of the pandemic that shifted global consumption online, said one of the sources and another person with knowledge of the matter. Its valuation was around $50 billion in early 2021, they said.

The valuation is estimated to have as much as doubled in the past year, one of the first two sources said.

The company, whose investors include Sequoia Capital China, IDG Capital and Tiger Global, was valued at $15 billion in its last funding round in August 2020, according to CB Insights data.

According to Coresight Research, SHEIN’s estimated sales in 2020 jumped 250% over the preceding year to $10 billion, with over 2,000 items added on its website weekly.

The SHEIN spokesperson said as a private company it did not disclose financial figures.

SHEIN has hired Bank of America (BAC.N), Goldman Sachs (GS.N) and JPMorgan (JPM.N) to work on the IPO, said the source with knowledge of the company’s valuation, and another person familiar with the matter.

Credit: Kane Wu and Scott Murdoch; Reuters

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50% Off Detox Patches!

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Uber passengers slam ‘cancel culture’ of abandoned fares

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Uber customers are suffering from a ‘cancel culture’ of abandoned fares as the tech giant finds itself locked in an increasingly bitter dispute with drivers.

Passengers are complaining of being left stranded at the roadside, with some drivers admitting they accept but then reject more than half the jobs they are offered through the ride-hailing phone app.

A change in drivers’ terms and conditions and a hike in petrol prices means they will often accept only the most profitable fares, but the issue has caused frustration among passengers.

Complaining on social media yesterday, one woman called Estelle wrote: ‘So 12 Ubers have cancelled on two young women in the middle of Central London between 4am and 5am in the morning on New Year? We’re getting hypothermia.’

A shortage of drivers has been blamed on soaring wages in other sectors, such as home delivery and logistics, which has seen many switch jobs. 

At the same time there has been a 40 per cent rise in passenger numbers due to people avoiding public transport during the pandemic.

In November, Uber increased its rates by ten per cent in London as part of an attempt to entice drivers back. 

It has also been told to guarantee workers more employment rights after courts decided its 40,000 drivers are not self-employed and should be paid the national living wage and offered holiday pay.

An Uber spokesman said: ‘In recent months demand for Uber rides has soared, leading to higher driver earnings. 

‘With drivers also receiving new worker rights such as weekly holiday pay and a pension, there has never been a better time to drive with Uber. 

‘We are continuing our efforts to sign up an additional 20,000 drivers to help meet this growing demand.’

But Zamir Dreni, vice-chairman of the App Drivers And Couriers Union, who has been driving for Uber since 2012, said: ‘People are not being paid properly, and that’s why they have to pick and choose the jobs that they take.

‘It’s not the drivers letting you down, it’s the app. The company is exploiting drivers and as a result the public are left stranded.’

Credit: LUKE BARR and SAM MERRIMAN FOR THE MAIL ON SUNDAY

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